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Mt. Etna Spherical Object, 2018

UAS operators tracked a round object transiting volcanic ash plume at high speed.

Event

Dec 1, 2018

Location

Pending

Source

All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office

AI Disclosure Brief

AI assisted

Reported Object Read

A round/spherical object appeared in SWIR video from a U.S. military UAS, seemingly moving at high speed through Mt. Etna's ash plume without effect.

Notable Characteristics

  • Size: 0.3 meters (1 foot) diameter
  • Altitude: 15,000 feet (assessed)
  • Duration: 4.5 minutes

Reported Motion

  • Slow drift with wind, apparent high speed due to motion parallax

Evidence Notes

  • SWIR video footage
  • 3D modeling
  • Pixel examination

AARO's detailed analysis attributes the apparent high-speed transit to motion parallax, sensor limitations, and atmospheric effects, resolving to a likely balloon with no anomalous behavior.

Shape read

Sphere

Sensors

SWIR (Shortwave Infrared)

AI confidence

80%

Prosaic Leads

  • Balloon drifting with wind
  • Motion parallax from UAS motion
  • SWIR sensor limitations in turbulent conditions

Anomalous Indicators

  • Initial operator perception of high speed and plume transit

Evidence Gaps

  • No active range-finding data
  • Sensor optimized for air-to-ground, not air-to-air
  • Atmospheric turbulence effects
External reference status: Unverified

Evidence Quotes // source statements

Open archive
Sensor ContactExact quote
"AARO assesses with moderate confidence that the object was a balloon. AARO assesses with high confidence that the object did not exhibit anomalous behavior."

Unknown speaker, AARO Assessment / All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office

AARO Assessment and Case Status

Source
Sensor ContactAttributed claim
"UAS operator reported object's speed as approximately 555 kph (345 mph), seemingly unaffected by transiting the plume."

Unknown speaker, Reporter / U.S. Military UAS operators

Case Overview

Source

Chronology Trace // before & after

No dated sibling signals are available yet.

Official Files // source material

1 linked
Pdf

Mt. Etna Case Resolution

UNCLASSIFIED 1 UNCLASSIFIED All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office U.S. Department of Defense Case: “Mt. Etna Object” Case Resolution | 28 April 2025 Case Synopsis Location: Mt. Etna, Italy Date: December 2018 Object Altitude (reported): 500 feet Object Altitude (assessed): 15,000 feet Object Speed (reported): 345 mph Object Speed (assessed): 24 mph Object Shape (reported): Round Object Shape (assessed): Spherical Reporter: U.S. Military UAS operators Data Type: Infrared Reported Behavior: An object moving at high speeds through Mt. Etna’s ash plume. Assessed Behavior: The object did not demonstrate anomalous performance characteristics. Confidence: Moderate confidence the object was a balloon. High confidence the object did not demonstrate anomalous pe